Danishmend/Seljuk Phase
Immediately beneath the Ottoman walls, almost inseparable from them especially at the center where the bedrock protrudes, are the walls of the Danishmend/Seljuk period. The structures expand all across the excavated sections of HTP01 and seem to have covered the entire upper section of Hamamtepe within the fortification walls.
The architecture of the Danishmend/Seljuk period is very similar to the Ottoman architecture described above. However, the archaeological context is completely different. The wall foundations of the buildings in this phase are similarly built with stones, irregular in shape and size, but larger and more varied in kind. They also are mostly 1 to 2 rows in height. The existing walls of the preceding levels were used where available. The foundations which were built specifically for this period measure between 67,78 cm and 91,97 cm.
The distinguishing character of these structures is the presence of tandır type ovens in the rooms. In addition to the ovens, there are storage pits, pithoi, rock-cut pits, and cess pits. Rather crude separations in rooms are also present; for example it is possible to come across a single row of stones arranged in a linear or circular fashion. Several ovens have seats before them built either of tiles or spolia.
The floors of the rooms are most likely destroyed or unrecognizable but a green clayish substance recovered on the bottom section of some of the walls where the walls meet the floor, and haphazard spread of this material within the layers burying the structures, suggest that at least the walls may have been plastered with a special clay.
The upper structure of the walls must have been adobe, few examples of molded clay in the form of bricks were recovered. There is no suggestion to the presence of timber posts as in the Ottoman houses and the entrances into the individual spaces as well as the building itself are not observed. Only in one space, few flat stones ascend into a another.
So far, it has been difficult to distinguish different units; the whole complex gives the impression of one large building with consecutive rooms. The site has a very complicated stratigraphy and the buildings of different periods are intertwined. In addition to these complications, there seems to be many repairs, rebuildings, replanning during these different phases which makes it even more difficult to identify units. Still, a group of rooms on the eastern section of HTP01 may represent one building.